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-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
- FRACTAL.EXE
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- FRACTAL.EXE can generate three different types of fractals:
- Mandelbrot, Julia, and Lyapunov. FRACTAL.EXE is not meant as
- general fractal exploration devices. It was written as a means
- of generating landscape for use with VistaPro. You can control
- several of the parameters of the fractals. After saving them
- they can be further manipulated by VistaPro.
-
- All three types of fractals are mathematical objects. They have
- infinite complexity (although the calculating precision of
- computers limits the amount of complexity that can be rendered)
- and can make for interesting and unusual landscapes. These
- fractal landscapes use a different method of generation than
- VistaPro does. VistaPro's fractal landscapes are intended to
- mimic real landscapes but FRACTAL.EXE's are just "pictures" of
- the three mathematical objects.
-
- FRACTAL.EXE uses the same type of graphical user interface as
- VistaPro. It also uses the same file requestor. You can refer
- to the VistaPro manual for general instructions on how menus,
- buttons, and gadgets work. FRACTAL.EXE requires a VGA graphics
- card and a Microsoft compatible mouse.
-
- This document makes no attempt to explain what these fractals
- are or the mathematics behind them. You should be able to find
- many books at your local bookstore which describe fractals and
- iterated functions.
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
- PROJECT MENU
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Project --> Spawn DOS
- ---------------------
- This menu item allows you to start a DOS command line while
- keeping FRACTAL.EXE in memory. When you return to FRACTAL.EXE
- all your settings will be intact. This function allows you to
- perform any DOS functions without quitting FRACTAL.EXE. For
- instance, you could format a new diskette for saving your
- landscapes. To exit from the DOS and return to FRACTAL.EXE you
- should type EXIT at the DOS prompt.
-
- Project --> Save DEM
- --------------------
- This item saves the current landscape as a VistaPro DEM file.
- You will be allowed to select the directory and filename of the
- file using the file requestor.
-
- Project --> Quit
- ----------------
- Select this item when you are done exploring and wish to quit the
- program.
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
- FRACTAL MENU
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Fractal --> Lyapunov
- --------------------
- This item selects the Lyapunov type landscape. It also resets
- many the settings on the control panel to the defaults for this
- type of landscape.
-
-
- Fractal --> Mandelbrot
- ----------------------
- This item selects the Mandelbrot type landscape. It also resets
- many of the settings on the control panel to the defaults for this
- type of landscape.
-
- Fractal --> Julia
- -----------------
- This item selects the Julia type landscape. It also resets many
- of the settings on the control panel to the defaults for this type
- of landscape.
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
- HEIGHT MENU
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Height --> Linear
- -----------------
- This menu item selects linear heights in the landscape.
- Calculated values are used exactly as is in the landscape. For
- example, a mandelbrot escape time of 10 becomes 10 meters, 20
- becomes 20 meters etc.
-
- Height --> Sqrt
- ---------------
- This menu item selects square root heights in the landscape. The
- sqare root of calculated values are used in the landscape. For
- example, a mandelbrot escape time of 9 becomes 3 meters, 16
- becomes 4 meters etc. Use this altitude type if you want to
- compress a wide range of altitudes into a smaller range.
-
- Height --> Log
- --------------
- This menu item selects logrithmic heights in the landscape. The
- log (base 10) of calculated values are used in the landscape. For
- example, a mandelbrot escape time of 10 becomes 1 meter, 100
- becomes 2 meters etc. Use this altitude type if you want to
- compress a very wide range of altitudes into a smaller range.
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
- CONTROL PANEL
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Lyapunov Control String
- -----------------------
- This is the control string which determines which of the two
- lyapunov equations is executed for each iteration. Only the
- least sinificant bit of each character is acually used so the
- letter "a" is the same as the letter "c" is the same as the
- letter "e" etc.... and "b" = "d" = "f" etc.... All you really
- need to know is that changing this character string will change
- the landscape -- different control strings will lead to different
- landscapes. We allow you to use all letters of the alphabet so
- you can generate landscapes based on your name or any text that
- you want. This string is only used in the generation of lyapunov
- landscapes.
-
- Start X
- -------
- The topographic map area is a window onto the two dimesional
- mathmatical plane. Start X is the coordinate of the horizontal
- coordinate of the left edge of the topographic window. You can
- reposition the window by typing a new value into this gadget.
- Gererally, all the intersting parts of all three fractal types
- fall within the range of -2 to +2 on both the X and Y axis.
-
- Start Y
- -------
- The topographic map area is a window onto the two dimesional
- mathmatical plane. Start Y is the coordinate of the vertical
- coordinate of the bottom edge of the topographic window. You can
- reposition the window by typing a new value into this gadget.
- Gererally, all the intersting parts of all three fractal types
- fall within the range of -2 to +2 on both the X and Y axis.
-
- Size
- ----
- This value controls the range (on the X and Y axis) that the
- topographic window covers. For example, a value of 2.0 means
- that the window will cover a range of 2.0 accross the X and Y
- axis of the topographic map. If the Start X value is 1.0 then
- the window will cover the range from 1.0 to 3.0 on the horizontal
- axis.
-
- Julia X
- -------
- This represents the coordinate on the Mandelbrot set for which
- the gernerated Julia set is based. This is the "real" part of
- the coordinate. As with the Start X value, most of the
- interesting values will range from -2 to +2. This value is only
- used in generating Julia landscapes.
-
- Julia Y
- -------
- This represents the coordinate on the Mandelbrot set for which
- the gernerated Julia set is based. This is the "imaginary" part
- of the coordinate. As with the Start Y value, most of the
- interesting values will range from -2 to +2. This value is only
- used in generating Julia landscapes.
-
- Seed
- ----
- This is starting value used to generate Lyapunov landscapes. It
- should be set between 0 and 1. It's value becomes less and less
- critical as the interation count is raised.
-
- Iteratns
- --------
- This controls the maximum number of iterations allowed before
- "timing out" on calculations of all three objects. The larger
- you make this value the longer calculations will take -- but
- larger values will also bring out additional detail.
-
- VScale
- ------
- This controls the vertical scale of the landscape. Large values
- will result in landscapes with tall features, smaller values will
- result in flatter landscapes. This setting is used for all three
- fractal types. "Good" values range from 1000 to 5000 but you are
- free to enter small or larger values.
-
- Zoom Var
- --------
- This is the variable zoom function. It allows you to zoom into
- or out of a section of the fractal object. After selecting the
- button you must mark a box on the topomap to zoom in to. Use the
- mouse (position and click the left mouse button) to select both
- corners of the area of interest. If you mark an area smaller
- than the topographic map you will zoom in to that area. If you
- mark an area larger than the topographic area you will zoom out
- to that area. Zooming in or out changes the Start X, Start Y,
- and Size variables. Generation of the new area will start
- automatically.
-
- Zoom +2x
- --------
- This button allows you to zoom in two fold onto the fractal
- object. After selecting the button you must select the area to
- zoom into by moving the visible box over the area of interest and
- pressing the left mouse button. Zooming in or out changes the
- Start X, Start Y, and Size variables. Generation of the new area
- will start automatically.
-
- Zoom -2x
- --------
- This button allows you to zoom out two fold onto the fractal
- object. You have no further choise of area, the window is simply
- expanded two fold around the current center of the topographic
- window. Zooming in or out changes the Start X, Start Y, and Size
- variables. Generation of the new area will start automatically.
-
- Generate
- --------
- This initiates the generation of a new fractal landscape using
- the current settings. Generation is not automatic when you
- change some of the settings since it is assumed that you might
- also want to change some of the other settings. In these cases
- you will need to use the Generate button to start calculating a
- new landscape.
-
- Escape
- ------
- You can press the escape key to terminate the generation of the
- current landscape. When the program is done with the current
- horizontal line it will stop calculating and you will be able
- to change other settings or quit.
-
-
-